Evaluation of alcohol health champions programme in Greater Manchester
University of Bristol · Academic
Expired The latest version ended on 6 June 2024. The September 2026 register still lists the agreement, but its term has passed.
- Reference
- DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W
- Latest version
- v2.3
- Term of latest version
- 7 June 2023 to 6 June 2024
- Start date
- 23 March 2020
- Data controller
- Sole Data Controller
- Commercial purposes
- No
- Sublicensing
- No
- Files released to date
- 1
Why the data was released
Objective for processing
Access to alcohol is a key determinant of alcohol harm. Recognising that excessive alcohol consumption harms an individual’s health and social relationships, harms society more generally - as urban areas can become less pleasant and less safe to visit and crime may increase - and the estimated £1.3bn per annum impact of alcohol harm to the Greater Manchester area, the Greater Manchester Combined Authority (GMCA) has funded the Communities in Charge of Alcohol (CICA) intervention programme in effort to reduce alcohol abuse.
The CICA intervention programme was rolled out in September 2017 in 10 communities across Greater Manchester that were identified as having high levels of alcohol harm. CICA takes an asset-based community development (ABCD) approach to reducing alcohol harm whereby local volunteers (or “assets”) are provided with accredited training to become “Alcohol Health Champions” or AHCs. AHCs can provide brief advice about alcohol to friends, family, and colleagues and are also part of a local team who can help influence decision-making around alcohol licensing. All AHCs who complete the training satisfactorily are awarded a level 2 Royal Society of Public Health (RSPH) qualification.
Details on GMCA’s alcohol strategy can be found on the following website: https://www.greatermanchester-ca.gov.uk/media/2507/greater-manchester-drug-and-alcohol-strategy.pdf
Details on CICA can be found on the following website: http://hub.salford.ac.uk/communities-in-charge-of-alcohol/alcohol-health-champions/
The goal of this study is to formally evaluate the effectiveness of the Communities in Charge of Alcohol (CICA) program. The CICA program is part of the newly devolved Greater Manchester Combined Authority's alcohol strategy to reduce alcohol misuse through training lay volunteers to become alcohol health champions (AHCs). AHCs will facilitate communities to tackle alcohol-related harm by influencing alcohol availability through local licensing processes.
The University of Bristol is requesting aggregate routinely collected Hospital Episode Statistics Accident and Emergency (HES A&E) attendances data, specifically total numbers of A&E attendances in the Greater Manchester area from 2010 to latest available, by month and LSOA (lower super output areas). The University of Bristol is not requesting access or permission to process any personal identifying data. As such, the risk of re-identification is mitigated.
The evaluation of the CICA programme, of which this data request is part, has received funding from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), funding/protocol reference number: NIHR-PHR-15-129-03 which commenced in March 2017 until February 2022. This project has now concluded. Further information on the CICA evaluation programme is also available on: http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN81942890. The NIHR will not have influence on the outcomes nor suppress any of the findings of the research.
The primary goal of this project is to serve as a formal evaluation of the overall effectiveness and cost effectiveness of the CICA programme and understand the context and factors that enable or hinder the intervention. Research activities are organised into three independent and separate work packages (WP). This Agreement covers activities in WP2, to be conducted at the University of Bristol.
As mentioned above, WP2 is a quantitative evaluation study using statistical analyses of routinely collected non-personal unsuppressed aggregate data with no identifying information to assess the effectiveness of the CICA programme in helping reduce the following in the 10 communities in Greater Manchester:
1. Trends in total number of A&E attendances (data requested from NHS England)
2. Trends in total numbers of crimes in local area (data requested from Greater Manchester Police)
3. Trends in sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned to hospital admissions by Public Health England (PHE) (Data requested from PHE) (There are no further data flows or analysis occurring with the successor of PHE)
4. Trends in total numbers of ambulance callouts (data requested from North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust)
The communities are small neighbourhoods made up of two to three LSOAs (circa 3,000 to 4,500 resident population).
In WP2 researchers will use routinely collected quantitative data to determine the effect on key health performance indicators listed above. Only A&E attendances data will be requested from NHS England. Additionally, in WP2, this study will examine trends in total monthly numbers of ambulance callouts, sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned by PHE to hospital admissions, and numbers of crimes. Alcohol related call outs for ambulance services will be requested from the North West Ambulance Service (NWAS) NHS Trust. Sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned by PHE to hospital admissions data will be requested from Public Health England as part of available project data and which the University of Bristol can obtain free of charge.
The Data requested from NHS England, Greater Manchester Police, NWAS and PHE will be non-personal tabulated data.
The data from Greater Manchester Police and NWAS will be analysed by CICA separately and independently of each other.
Sums of alcohol-attributable fractions for hospital admissions assigned by PHE will be combined with NHS England A&E tabulated data at the LSOA level. Additionally, publicly available mid-year population estimates data (total population and age composition) at the LSOA level from the Office of National Statistics (ONS) will be combined with NHS England A&E tabulated data. Data from GMP and NWAS will not be linked to NHS England A&E tabulated data. The data from WP2 will not be linked to any data collected in WP1 or WP3.
WP1 is a process evaluation that aims to examine the local policy context (neighbourhood factors that might affect intervention delivery and response), implementation of the intervention (the ‘amount’ of the intervention that is implemented, and whether it is delivered as planned) and reach (the numbers that receive the intervention and whether it reaches the target group); response to the intervention (e.g. levels of engagement, attitudes towards it, does the response of participants in turn change the way the in intervention is implemented). WP1 is conducted at the University of Salford.
WP3 is an economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the CICA programme, particularly balancing the cost of the alcohol health champions training and support infrastructure versus potential money saved through reductions in levels of hospital admissions, ambulance call outs, and crime rates. WP3 is conducted at the University of York.
The University of Bristol is conducting WP2. The three work packages of the CICA study are being conducted separately and independently. WP1 conducts the training of alcohol health champions, assessment of the effectiveness of conducting this training, and evaluation of alcohol health champions’ post-training. WP2 conducts statistical analyses of alcohol-related community outcomes (A&E attendances, ambulance callouts, alcohol-related hospital admissions, and crime). WP3 conducts an economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the CICA programme.
The study design and execution of each work package is independently conceived by the Principal Investigator (PI) of each work package. The University of Bristol PI has the statistical expertise to design, direct, and execute research activities in WP2 based on his previous work. Research design, direction, and execution in WP2 are not determined by WP1 or WP3. Publications using HES will be led by WP2. Furthermore, WP1 and WP3 will not have access to data in WP2.
The data subjects in this Agreement are people resident LSOAs within the Greater Manchester area who have attended A&E. The statistical analyses in this study will assess changes in trends in total numbers of A&E attendances in each LSOA within the Greater Manchester area. As such, this study does not examine individuals as in a cohort study. In terms of control groups, this study plans on creating “synthetic” control areas by combining and weighting two or three LSOAs in Greater Manchester area (for local comparison) and LSOAs in England outside of the Greater Manchester area (for national comparison) that are similar to each LSOA where the intervention took place in terms of demographics, socioeconomic status, and levels of A&E attendances, ambulance call-outs, crimes, and alcohol-related hospital admissions.
The purpose of the project is to formally evaluate the effectiveness of the CICA programme in reducing the numbers of A&E attendances in each LSOA in the Greater Manchester area using statistical analyses. Outside of this data request, the project will also evaluate the effectiveness of the CICA programme in reducing total monthly crimes, ambulance call-outs, and alcohol-related hospital admissions.
The HES A&E data will contribute to the aim identified above through using statistical analyses to evaluate whether the CICA programme is effective in helping reduce alcohol-related problems in Greater Manchester LSOAs.
The CICA intervention programme finished in May 2019 and this request is seeking data for one-year post intervention, ending in May 2020. The data requested are from January 2010 to latest available and then subsequent data until May 2020 (the University of Bristol does not require data on A&E diagnoses codes (including data on the alcohol flag) because previous studies have indicated that this variable could be unreliable or inconsistently coded. Instead, researchers use a time period where previous studies have indicated that the likelihood of involvement of alcohol is highest, which is Friday 3pm to Sunday 3pm. These parameters ensure that the data requested align with the main purpose of the study, which is to analyse trends in total monthly A&E attendances by LSOA and ensures that the time frame is the minimum amount of data required to conduct the planned statistical analyses.
The University of Bristol is requesting data by LSOA for all of England to meet their statistical analysis plan of conducting a national comparison of A&E attendances in other LSOAs in England. A rationale for doing this is that there may be an issue of “spillover” if comparisons are restricted only to LSOAs within Greater Manchester. “Spillover” here, as suggested by previous studies, refers to how trends in A&E attendance in areas near the LSOAs where the CICA intervention took place may change similarly to the intervention LSOAs due to geographic proximity and demographic similarities. A statistical comparison with other LSOAs in England that is not geographically close to the intervention LSOAs would avoid this “spillover” issue.
Because there may be small numbers, the University of Bristol requires that the level of data be unsuppressed aggregated data. This is because the University of Bristol need to do mathematical transformations that would not be possible on suppressed data. For example, for one set of statistical analyses, the plan is to create synthetic control areas by combining and weighting two or three LSOAs in Greater Manchester that are similar to each intervention LSOA in terms of demographics, socioeconomic status, levels of A&E attendances, ambulance callouts, crimes and alcohol-related hospital admissions. This would not be possible if data are suppressed to mask small numbers. The value of comparing two areas with similar levels of A&E attendances, where in one of the areas a CICA intervention took place and the other area the CICA intervention did not take place, is analogous to a case-control design. The area where CICA intervention was conducted would be the case and the control area would be one where CICA was not conducted. This would allow researchers to evaluate whether trends in A&E attendances after the intervention is similar in both places or not.
The University of Bristol is requesting monthly totals of data starting in 2010 up to one-year post-intervention in 2020 in order to establish enough data points for conducting statistical trends analyses.
The University of Bristol has determined there are no viable methodological alternatives to requesting A&E attendances data by LSOA. There are no less intrusive alternative ways to examine trends in A&E attendances in Greater Manchester as no individual's data or personal identifiable data have been requested.
Researchers are conducting two types of statistical testing that is analogous to a case-control design on changes in the trends in A&E attendances in LSOAs in Greater Manchester (local comparison) and with LSOAs in England (national comparison), whether changes in trends in A&E attendances in LSOAs where CICA was conducted are similar to the ways that trends in other LSOAs are changing over time.
There are several other organisations involved in the wider CICA project and mentioned in the protocol. University of Salford is the Lead organisation for WP1, and University of York is the lead organisation for WP3. These and the following organisations have not had any control over the manner in which or the purpose for how the data will be processed and will not have access to the data. The following organisations will only be acting in an advisory capacity:
Association of Greater Manchester, Wigan Borough Council, Greater Manchester Combined Authority Reform Research, Royal Society for Public Health, Public Health England, Forever Manchester, The LGBT Foundation and Fallowfield Community Guardians.
A Study Steering Committee (SSC) has been established and will meet every 6 months in years 1, 2, and 5 of the study starting with July 2017 with a final meeting in December 2021. Membership includes an independent chair, statistician, and health economist, along with other members with relevant expertise, such as in alcohol policy. The SSC will also have representation from the study team (the PI). The main role of the SSC will be to provide advice, through its Chair, to the funder (NIHR PHR), the Sponsor (host institution) and the PI on all appropriate aspects of the project; to monitor the progress of the project, the adherence to the protocol, and to consider any new information of relevance to the research question.
The University of Bristol uses a third-party provider, Virtus (Data Centres) Limited ('Virtus'), as a storage location. Virtus does not process the data and has no access to the data. Virtus will only store back-up data on behalf of the University of Bristol.
Processing activities
The University of Bristol will not flow any data into NHS England.
The University of Bristol requires routinely collected aggregated HES Accident & Emergency data with small numbers unsuppressed.
The University of Bristol requires two tabulations (i.e. aggregated data). The first tabulation will provide a count of Accident and Emergency attendances taking place between 2010/11 – 2019/20 latest available, where the patients’ home postcode was in England. Records are to be grouped by Local Authority Code, LSOA and month. There will be sub-sets of the data based on the day and time of admission, as well as reference information relating to the LSOAs. The second tabulation will provide data from 2019/20 latest available to May 2020.
NHS England will flow these data to the University of Bristol. This flow of data out of NHS England will not contain any personal record level data or identifying information.
The data will be stored in the University of Bristol servers. Within the University of Bristol servers, only two people will have access to the data, the Work Package 2 lead and co-lead. Statistical analyses and management of data will be conducted using Stata 15 and R statistical software. Statistical analyses will be conducted at the LSOA level. There will be no flows of the data under this Agreement out of the University of Bristol and the data will not be made available to any third parties. Data management includes procedures like recoding missing data, creating variables such as seasons (winter, spring, summer, and autumn), total episodes starting on weekdays (defined as Monday to Friday 9am to 5pm) or weekends (defined as Friday 3pm to Sunday 3pm), and reformatting the month and year variables into numeric variables.
The University of Bristol will not link any NHS England data to other tabulated data specifically requested from NWAS and the Greater Manchester Police for the purpose of this study. Data requested from NHS England may be matched, at the LSOA level, to data requested from PHE (which is the monthly sums of alcohol-attributable fractions (AAF) that PHE assigned to hospital admissions data) for 2016 only. These AAF sums do not represent any individual hospital admissions and do not contain numbers of people so there is no risk of any identification of individuals. The WP2 lead and co-lead confirm that there will be no requirement nor attempts to re-identify individuals.
Once the A&E data have been received, the University of Bristol Lead and Co-lead will first perform statistical analyses on the trends in A&E attendances (counts and/or rates of attendances) over time in LSOAs in Greater Manchester where the CICA intervention programme was conducted. The University of Bristol Lead and Co-lead will also select 1-3 LSOAs that are similar to the CICA (intervention) LSOAs in terms of population size, deprivation, average age, sums of alcohol-attributable fractions applied to hospital admissions by PHE and crime rates. The population size, deprivation, average age, and crime rates data is available as part of the A&E attendances dataset. The University of Bristol Lead and Co-lead will conduct statistical analyses comparing trends in A&E attendances in the CICA (intervention) LSOAs with similar LSOAs in Greater Manchester as well as in England (outside of Greater Manchester). From the results of the statistical analyses, figures and tables will be produced. Tables would contain results of the statistical analyses such as regression coefficients and statistical significance values. Figures and tables produced will not contain actual counts of A&E attendances and/or rates but may contain average numbers or percentages of A&E attendances and/or rates of A&E attendances. In the unlikely event that counts are displayed, the University of Bristol will take further precaution of suppressing small numbers according to NHS England suppression policy where any counts <5 will be displayed as an asterisk and any counts >8 will be rounded to the nearest 5.
Data processing will be carried out by the WP2 lead and co-lead who are employed by the University of Bristol and have completed mandatory training in data protection and confidentiality described below:
“The University has created two mandatory online training modules covering data protection (specifically the General Data Protection Regulation - GDPR) and information security, and all members of staff and research postgraduates must complete this training as part of induction and the annual review process.”
All data will be stored in a folder located on a secure server at the University of Bristol's Data Centres. This network folder will be created by the University of Bristol IT Services. Access to this folder will be limited to the WP2 lead and co-lead. Logins to this folder would require using the Leader and Co-Leader’s University of Bristol usernames and passwords. This folder will be encrypted at rest and between server and computer using AES-256 standard, accessible only from Windows managed desktops, and controlled by IP address. This folder is compliant with 14-day Data Destruction Notice and NHS England DSPT. Access logs are kept for 12 months and audit reports are available monthly on an on-demand basis.
Servers that provide the system hosting are located in secure data centres within the University of Bristol estate, at the Computer Centre, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1UD and their co-location data centre in Slough.
The building at the University of Bristol is protected by secure automatic locking doors, requiring appropriate University Card (MiFare2) and biometric second factor controlled access to enter (for limited authorised personnel only) and are monitored by CCTV by University security services. Locations have appropriate intruder alarm and fire detection systems.
The University of Bristol offsite data centre is located in Slough and is run by Virtus.
To gain access to the Virtus site one needs to pass at least two locked turnstile gates through a buzzer and video system linked to the security desk. Once at security one needs to reference a previously created access ticket and show photo ID to gain access to the general site.
The pass gives access only to the data hall within which the University of Bristol equipment is hosted. Access is gained through an “air lock” secure door system where one door will only open after the first door has been shut. Visitor access can only be gained if a ticket is created in advance and the visitor is accompanied by a holder of the photo ID pass issued by Virtus.
Once inside the data hall, the University of Bristol equipment is located within a containment shared with one other University. This containment is locked at either end and surrounds the racks on all sides.
The racks themselves are locked by a combination lock backed up by a key lock which can only be overridden with the correct key. The code and physical locks are specific to three groups of rack: network, business systems and specialist research equipment. The combination or key for one type of rack will not provide access to the other types of rack.
Access controls:
-The photo ID will only be issued after completing an induction with the Virtus security team.
-Induction is only available to individuals named on the Master Access List (MAL) which is password controlled and governed by two named individuals within IT Services.
-Access is further controlled through lists of individuals named on each contract for each of three groups of equipment.
-Virtus do not routinely access the area used by the University of Bristol though reserve the right to should exceptional circumstances arise.
Expected output
“Results” of the data processing are planned to be included in project outputs such as reports, submissions to peer reviewed journals, presentations, and conferences specifically refer to results of the statistical analyses such as Odds Ratios, regression coefficients, standard errors, confidence intervals. p-values, descriptive statistics (percentages, standard deviations, total numbers). Expected outputs will not contain raw data received from NHS England. If total numbers are displayed in any outputs, small numbers of <7will be suppressed in line with the HES Analysis Guide. It is anticipated that all outputs described below that contain main results of the statistical analyses will be published in early 2022, whereas target publication date for outputs that contain preliminary findings is 2021.
Specific outputs expected include:
1. A report that includes the results of statistical analyses will be submitted for publication in key journals such as BMJ, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, Public Health with open access (as required by NIHR funding conditions) and peer-review, as well as made available via NIHR PHR Journal (and associated websites). The target date for this output is 2023.
2. Presentations, report briefs, and newsletters that include results of statistical analyses are planned through the following channels:
a. The Royal Society of Public Health (RSPH) will prepare newsletters to Health Champions/wider workforce and publicise findings in its journal Perspectives in Health and to the Membership of RSPH. The RSPH networks with cross-Government departments, the UK Public Health National Advisory Group, Department of Health and Health Education England.
b. University of Bristol PI (Work Package 2 Leader) as a member of the NIHR School for Public Health package on alcohol-related harms. The team are collaborating to develop new funding applications to the NIHR for further research into effective interventions at the community level.
c. Project Co-PI will make use of Local Government Association networks and the communications departments of the Association of Directors of Public Health.
d. Project Collaborator, through Greater Manchester Combined Authority Reform Research, will disseminate to the Office of the Police and Crime Commissioner, Public Protection Managers and Elected Members.
e. National conferences (e.g. Public Health England Conference) allow for direct dissemination of the results of statistical analyses to public health practitioners. Key conferences (Kettil Bruun Society-Social and Epidemiological Research on Alcohol: Annual Conference and the European Public Health Conference) will be used to promote the results of statistical analyses to an international audience. Due to Covid-19 direct dissemination of the results of statistical analyses to public health practitioners has been delayed however progress made at the PHE Annual Conferences 2018/2019 and also Health Services Research Conference 2020. Statistical analyses of time trend A&E attendances data have been conducted and submitted as an abstract to Kettil Bruun Society-Social and Epidemiological Research on Alcohol: Annual Conference. The abstract has been accepted for presentation. A paper that contains analyses of A&E attendances data and other datasets that have been used for this project have been drafted. The anticipated completion of the draft paper is planned at the end of April 2023. The conference presentation is scheduled for end of May 2023. At this conference, feedback will be provided on the draft paper for improvements.
3. Media outputs
a. The study results are planned to be disseminated through social media and Twitter, e.g. university, RSPH and Public Health Matters Websites, Facebook and LinkedIn Networks. The strong links between Salford University and MediaCityUK increase potential for media coverage and research team members are accustomed to appearing on regional and national television and liaising with the press. Press days will be organised to facilitate this.
Expected measurable benefits
The dissemination of A&E attendances data is anticipated to be in the public interest as well as to benefit the provision of health care and the promotion of health through impacts on the NHS, by reducing the number of A&E attendances, should the intervention be shown to be effective.
The stated purpose of this data request is to measure effectiveness of the CICA programme in terms of to reducing A&E attendances in the Greater Manchester area. The expected outputs from this research will be based directly on results of statistical analyses of time trend A&E attendances data. Expected outputs from this research include: an intervention manual to give insight into the context of successful delivery; journal articles, presentations at conferences (locally, nationally and internationally); and a model for further development of the CICA programme (Communities In Charge of Alcohol) that will likely be of considerable interest across the UK and internationally.
The primary benefit of performing statistical analyses of A&E attendances data using the data under this Agreement is analysing the effectiveness of the CICA programme. Other outcomes examined by the wider project (not part of this data request) will be impacts of CICA on reducing ambulance callouts, alcohol-related hospital admissions, and crimes such as anti-social behaviours fuelled by alcohol use. Measurements used in these analyses include statistical analyses such as panel data analyses, mixed models, and growth curve analysis. Statistical analyses originally anticipated for completion in June 2021 is now planned for March 2023. These benefits are part of Work Package 2 of the wider evaluation project.
The comprehensive evaluation of the CICA programme also includes 2 additional independent work-packages that are not part of this data request application. Work package 1 is a process evaluation which will provide understanding of the particular components of the intervention that has been effective or ineffective. Work package 3 is an economic evaluation will enable policy makers locally and nationally to appraise the cost effectiveness of the CICA project, which will influence future commissioning decisions.
The magnitude of the impact of the CICA programme will be measured as part of all work packages previously mentioned – in terms of reductions in alcohol harms (A&E attendances, ambulance call-outs, hospital admissions, and crimes), cost-effectiveness of the intervention program, and effectiveness of the process of delivering the program itself. Results of statistical, economic, and process evaluation analyses will be shared to the public, stakeholders, government, and researchers, to enable future interventions to be more effective by having a greater understanding of the key facilitators and challenges to alcohol reduction interventions, and how these are impacted by dose, reach, and alcohol culture.
The University of Bristol hope that the dissemination of results of CICA project will foster a sense of community engagement through engaging the community in a common purpose, empowering them to address the availability of alcohol in the local environment. In this regard, recent NICE guidance on ‘community engagement: improving health and wellbeing and reducing health inequalities’ has highlighted that ensuring that ‘local communities, community and voluntary sector organisations and statutory services work together to plan, design, develop, deliver and evaluate health and wellbeing initiatives’ is an overarching principle of good practice.
Additional benefit will be the training of 350 AHCs to level 2 Award ‘Understanding Alcohol Misuse’ delivered by the Royal Society for Public Health. The individuals involved may benefit from increased skills, confidence and employability.
Benefits reported so far
The University of Bristol have produced open access peer-review journal articles in BMC Public Health, Perspectives in Public Health, Health & Place, and International Journal of Drug Policy. Further papers are under review with Health & Social Care in the Community and BMC Public Health. Papers are being planned for the main outcomes analysis and health economics analysis.
The Royal Society of Public Health has started planning a further development of the CICA programme to be expanded and rolled out nationally in England.
To date, newsletters have been prepared by the Royal Society of Public Health (RSPH) for Health Champions/wider workforce and findings have also been publicised with in its journal Perspectives in Health and to the Membership of RSPH. Results of statistical analyses have also been publicised throughout the RSPH networks with cross-Government departments, the UK Public Health National Advisory Group, Department of Health and Health Education England. https://www.rsph.org.uk/our-work/programmes-hub/communities-in-charge-of-alcohol.html
The University of Bristol are also currently working on drafting a journal article that contains the results of all three work packages and an intervention manual to give insight into the context of successful delivery.
The University of Bristol have submitted the final report to NIHR, which will appear on the following link once NIHR have finalised it: https://www.fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/15/129/03. This link also lists the other outputs that have been published.
The University of Bristol have submitted a paper describing the quantitative and health economic results of the evaluation. This is currently under review at the peer-reviewed journal: Addiction.
Datasets on the latest version
Legal basis for provision: Health and Social Care Act 2012 - s261 - 'Other dissemination of information'
| Dataset | Type of data | Sensitivity | Frequency | Confidential data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospital Episode Statistics Accident and Emergency (HES A and E) | Anonymised - ICO Code Compliant | Non-Sensitive | One-Off | Does not include the flow of confidential data |
Files released
Files released counts only files released externally by DARS. Access granted in NHS England's own systems, such as its Secure Data Environment, is not included.
Patient opt-outs were not applied to the one file released under this agreement. About opt-outs
No files recorded as released under the latest version. 1 was released under earlier versions, shown in the version history.
Version history
The register lists each renewal of this agreement as a separate row. This site has 3 versions.
DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W-v2.3 7 June 2023 to 6 June 2024
- Title
- Evaluation of alcohol health champions programme in Greater Manchester
- Commercial
- No
- Sublicensing
- No
- Datasets
- 1
- Files released
- 0
Datasets: Hospital Episode Statistics Accident and Emergency (HES A and E)
What changed from DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W-v1.4
Text removed is struck through; text added is underlined. Unchanged paragraphs are summarised rather than repeated.
| Field | Was | Became |
|---|---|---|
| Start date | 2023-06-07 | |
| End date | 2024-06-06 |
Objective for processing
[2 paragraphs unchanged]
Details on GMCA’s alcohol strategy can be found on the following website:
https://www.greatermanchester-ca.gov.uk/media/2507/greater-manchester-drug-and-alcohol-strategy.pdf
https://www.gmcvo.org.uk/system/files/draft_drug_and_alcohol_strategy_for_listening_and_engagement_16th_jan_2018_0.pdf
Details on CICA can be found on the following website: http://hub.salford.ac.uk/communities-in-charge-of-alcohol/alcohol-health-champions/
Details on CICA can be found on the following website:
http://hub.salford.ac.uk/communities-in-charge-of-alcohol/alcohol-health-champions/
[2 paragraphs unchanged]
The evaluation of the CICA programme, of which this data request is part, has received funding from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), funding/protocol reference number: NIHR-PHR-15-129-03
commencing
which commenced
in March 2017 until February 2022.
This project has now concluded.
Further information on the CICA evaluation programme is also available on:
http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN81942890. The NIHR will not have influence on the outcomes nor suppress any of the findings of the research.
http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN81942890. The NIHR will not have influence on the outcomes nor suppress any of the findings of the research.
[2 paragraphs unchanged]
1. Trends in total number of A&E attendances (data requested from NHS
Digital)
England)
[1 paragraph unchanged]
3. Trends in sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned to hospital admissions by Public Health England (PHE)
(data
(Data
requested from PHE)
(There are no further data flows or analysis occurring with the successor of PHE)
[2 paragraphs unchanged]
In WP2 researchers will use routinely collected quantitative data to determine the
[5 words unchanged]
indicators listed above. Only A&E attendances data will be requested from NHS
Digital.
England.
Additionally, in WP2, this study will examine trends in total monthly numbers
[59 words unchanged]
data and which the University of Bristol can obtain free of charge.
The Data requested from NHS
Digital,
England,
Greater Manchester Police, NWAS and PHE will be non-personal tabulated data.
[1 paragraph unchanged]
Sums of alcohol-attributable fractions for hospital admissions assigned by PHE will be combined with NHS
Digital
England
A&E tabulated data at the LSOA level. Additionally, publicly available mid-year population
[11 words unchanged]
from the Office of National Statistics (ONS) will be combined with NHS
Digital
England
A&E tabulated data. Data from GMP and NWAS will not be linked to NHS
Digital
England
A&E tabulated data. The data from WP2 will not be linked to any data collected in WP1 or WP3.
[17 paragraphs unchanged]
Processing activities
The University of Bristol will not flow any data into NHS
Digital.
England.
[2 paragraphs unchanged]
NHS
Digital
England
will flow these data to the University of Bristol. This flow of data out of NHS
Digital
England
will not contain any personal record level data or identifying information.
[1 paragraph unchanged]
The University of Bristol will not link any NHS
Digital
England
data to other tabulated data specifically requested from NWAS and the Greater Manchester Police for the purpose of this study. Data requested from NHS
Digital
England
may be matched, at the LSOA level, to data requested from PHE
[51 words unchanged]
confirm that there will be no requirement nor attempts to re-identify individuals.
Once the A&E data have been received, the University of Bristol Lead
[197 words unchanged]
Bristol will take further precaution of suppressing small numbers according to NHS
Digital
England
suppression policy where any counts <5 will be displayed as an asterisk and any counts >8 will be rounded to the nearest 5.
[2 paragraphs unchanged]
All data will be stored in a folder located on a secure
[76 words unchanged]
address. This folder is compliant with 14-day Data Destruction Notice and NHS
Digital
England
DSPT. Access logs are kept for 12 months and audit reports are available monthly on an on-demand basis.
[12 paragraphs unchanged]
Expected output
“Results” of the data processing are planned to be included in project
[36 words unchanged]
total numbers). Expected outputs will not contain raw data received from NHS
Digital.
England.
If total numbers are displayed in any outputs, small numbers of <7will
[18 words unchanged]
contain main results of the statistical analyses will be published in early
2022 ,
2022,
whereas target publication date for outputs that contain preliminary findings is 2021.
[1 paragraph unchanged]
1. A report that includes the results of statistical analyses will be
[28 words unchanged]
as well as made available via NIHR PHR Journal (and associated websites).
The target date for this output is 2023.
[8 paragraphs unchanged]
Benefits reported
The
University of Bristol have produced open access peer-review journal articles in BMC Public
Health (1);
Health,
Perspectives in Public
Health (2);
Health,
Health &
Place (3);
Place, and
International Journal of Drug
Policy (4).
Policy.
Further papers are under review with Health & Social Care in the
[6 words unchanged]
are being planned for the main outcomes analysis and health economics analysis.
[1 paragraph unchanged]
To
date
date,
newsletters have been prepared by the Royal Society of Public Health (RSPH)
[41 words unchanged]
Health National Advisory Group, Department of Health and Health Education England. https://www.rsph.org.uk/our-work/programmes-hub/communities-in-charge-of-alcohol.html
[1 paragraph unchanged]
The University of Bristol have submitted the final report to NIHR, which will appear on the following link once NIHR have finalised it: https://www.fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/15/129/03. This link also lists the other outputs that have been published.
The University of Bristol have submitted a paper describing the quantitative and health economic results of the evaluation. This is currently under review at the peer-reviewed journal: Addiction.
Unchanged: Expected measurable benefits.
DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W-v1.4 25 May 2022 to 24 May 2023
- Title
- Evaluation of alcohol health champions programme in Greater Manchester
- Commercial
- No
- Sublicensing
- No
- Datasets
- 1
- Files released
- 0
Datasets: Hospital Episode Statistics Accident and Emergency (HES A and E)
What changed from DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W-v0.7
Text removed is struck through; text added is underlined. Unchanged paragraphs are summarised rather than repeated.
| Field | Was | Became |
|---|---|---|
| Start date | 2022-05-25 | |
| End date | 2023-05-24 | |
| Hospital Episode Statistics Accident and Emergency (HES A and E): legal basis | Health and Social Care Act 2012 - s261 - 'Other dissemination of information' |
Objective for processing
Access to alcohol is a key determinant of alcohol harm. Recognising that
[40 words unchanged]
alcohol harm to the Greater Manchester area, the Greater Manchester Combined Authority
(GMCA)
has funded the Communities in Charge of Alcohol (CICA) intervention programme in effort to reduce alcohol abuse.
[6 paragraphs unchanged]
The University of Bristol is requesting aggregate
routinely-collected HES
routinely collected Hospital Episode Statistics
Accident and Emergency
(HES A&E)
attendances data, specifically total numbers of A&E attendances in the Greater Manchester
[26 words unchanged]
any personal identifying data. As such, the risk of re-identification is mitigated.
[3 paragraphs unchanged]
As mentioned above, WP2 is a quantitative evaluation study using statistical analyses of
routinely-collected
routinely collected
non-personal unsuppressed aggregate data with no identifying information to assess the effectiveness of the CICA programme in helping reduce the following in the 10 communities in Greater Manchester:
[2 paragraphs unchanged]
3. Trends in sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned to hospital admissions by
PHE
Public Health England (PHE)
(data requested from PHE)
4. Trends in total numbers of ambulance
call-outs
callouts
(data requested from North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust)
[1 paragraph unchanged]
In WP2 researchers will use routinely collected quantitative data to determine the
[6 words unchanged]
listed above. Only A&E attendances data will be requested from NHS Digital.
Additionally
Additionally,
in WP2, this study will examine trends in total monthly numbers of ambulance
call-outs,
callouts,
sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned by PHE to hospital admissions, and numbers
[44 words unchanged]
data and which the University of Bristol can obtain free of charge.
The Data requested from NHS Digital, Greater Manchester Police, NWAS and PHE will be
non personal
non-personal
tabulated data.
[4 paragraphs unchanged]
The University of Bristol is conducting WP2. The three work packages of
[31 words unchanged]
post-training. WP2 conducts statistical analyses of alcohol-related community outcomes (A&E attendances, ambulance
call-outs,
callouts,
alcohol-related hospital admissions, and crime). WP3 conducts an economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the CICA programme.
The study design and execution of each work package is independently conceived by the
Principle
Principal
Investigator
(PI)
of each work package. The University of Bristol PI has the statistical
[37 words unchanged]
Furthermore, WP1 and WP3 will not have access to data in WP2.
[3 paragraphs unchanged]
The CICA intervention programme finished in May 2019 and this request is
[100 words unchanged]
study, which is to analyse trends in total monthly A&E attendances by
LSOA,
LSOA
and ensures that the time frame is the minimum amount of data required to conduct the planned statistical analyses.
[1 paragraph unchanged]
Because there may be small numbers, the University of Bristol requires that
[61 words unchanged]
LSOA in terms of demographics, socioeconomic status, levels of A&E attendances, ambulance
call-outs,
callouts,
crimes and alcohol-related hospital admissions. This would not be possible if data
[78 words unchanged]
A&E attendances after the intervention is similar in both places or not.
[3 paragraphs unchanged]
There are several other organisations involved in the wider CICA project and mentioned in the protocol. University of Salford is the Lead organisation
forWP1
for WP1,
and University of York is the lead organisation for WP3. These and
[30 words unchanged]
data. The following organisations will only be acting in an advisory capacity:
[1 paragraph unchanged]
A Study Steering Committee
(SSC)
has been established and will meet every 6 months in years 1,
[10 words unchanged]
with a final meeting in December 2021. Membership includes an independent chair,
statistician
statistician,
and health economist, along with other members with relevant expertise, such as
[60 words unchanged]
and to consider any new information of relevance to the research question.
[1 paragraph unchanged]
Expected output
“Results” of the data processing are planned to be included in project
[79 words unchanged]
contain main results of the statistical analyses will be published in early
2022,
2022 ,
whereas target publication date for outputs that contain preliminary findings is 2021.
[4 paragraphs unchanged]
b. University of Bristol PI (Work Package 2 Leader) as a member of the NIHR School for Public Health package on alcohol-related harms.
The team are collaborating to develop new funding applications to the NIHR for further research into effective interventions at the community level.
[2 paragraphs unchanged]
e. National conferences (e.g. Public Health England Conference) allow for direct dissemination
[30 words unchanged]
used to promote the results of statistical analyses to an international audience.
Due to Covid-19 direct dissemination of the results of statistical analyses to public health practitioners has been delayed however progress made at the PHE Annual Conferences 2018/2019 and also Health Services Research Conference 2020. Statistical analyses of time trend A&E attendances data have been conducted and submitted as an abstract to Kettil Bruun Society-Social and Epidemiological Research on Alcohol: Annual Conference. The abstract has been accepted for presentation. A paper that contains analyses of A&E attendances data and other datasets that have been used for this project have been drafted. The anticipated completion of the draft paper is planned at the end of April 2023. The conference presentation is scheduled for end of May 2023. At this conference, feedback will be provided on the draft paper for improvements.
[2 paragraphs unchanged]
Expected measurable benefits
[2 paragraphs unchanged]
The primary benefit of performing statistical analyses of A&E attendances data using
[22 words unchanged]
of this data request) will be impacts of CICA on reducing ambulance
call-outs,
callouts,
alcohol-related hospital admissions, and crimes such as anti-social behaviours fuelled by alcohol
[10 words unchanged]
as panel data analyses, mixed models, and growth curve analysis. Statistical analyses
are
originally
anticipated for completion in June
2021.
2021 is now planned for March 2023.
These benefits are part of Work Package 2 of the wider evaluation project.
[4 paragraphs unchanged]
Benefits reported
Yielded Benefits is not a requirement for new applications.
University of Bristol have produced open access peer-review journal articles in BMC Public Health (1); Perspectives in Public Health (2); Health & Place (3); International Journal of Drug Policy (4). Further papers are under review with Health & Social Care in the Community and BMC Public Health. Papers are being planned for the main outcomes analysis and health economics analysis.
The Royal Society of Public Health has started planning a further development of the CICA programme to be expanded and rolled out nationally in England.
To date newsletters have been prepared by the Royal Society of Public Health (RSPH) for Health Champions/wider workforce and findings have also been publicised with in its journal Perspectives in Health and to the Membership of RSPH. Results of statistical analyses have also been publicised throughout the RSPH networks with cross-Government departments, the UK Public Health National Advisory Group, Department of Health and Health Education England. https://www.rsph.org.uk/our-work/programmes-hub/communities-in-charge-of-alcohol.html
The University of Bristol are also currently working on drafting a journal article that contains the results of all three work packages and an intervention manual to give insight into the context of successful delivery.
Unchanged: Processing activities.
Objective for processing
Access to alcohol is a key determinant of alcohol harm. Recognising that excessive alcohol consumption harms an individual’s health and social relationships, harms society more generally - as urban areas can become less pleasant and less safe to visit and crime may increase - and the estimated £1.3bn per annum impact of alcohol harm to the Greater Manchester area, the Greater Manchester Combined Authority (GMCA) has funded the Communities in Charge of Alcohol (CICA) intervention programme in effort to reduce alcohol abuse.
The CICA intervention programme was rolled out in September 2017 in 10 communities across Greater Manchester that were identified as having high levels of alcohol harm. CICA takes an asset-based community development (ABCD) approach to reducing alcohol harm whereby local volunteers (or “assets”) are provided with accredited training to become “Alcohol Health Champions” or AHCs. AHCs can provide brief advice about alcohol to friends, family, and colleagues and are also part of a local team who can help influence decision-making around alcohol licensing. All AHCs who complete the training satisfactorily are awarded a level 2 Royal Society of Public Health (RSPH) qualification.
Details on GMCA’s alcohol strategy can be found on the following website:
https://www.gmcvo.org.uk/system/files/draft_drug_and_alcohol_strategy_for_listening_and_engagement_16th_jan_2018_0.pdf
Details on CICA can be found on the following website:
http://hub.salford.ac.uk/communities-in-charge-of-alcohol/alcohol-health-champions/
The goal of this study is to formally evaluate the effectiveness of the Communities in Charge of Alcohol (CICA) program. The CICA program is part of the newly devolved Greater Manchester Combined Authority's alcohol strategy to reduce alcohol misuse through training lay volunteers to become alcohol health champions (AHCs). AHCs will facilitate communities to tackle alcohol-related harm by influencing alcohol availability through local licensing processes.
The University of Bristol is requesting aggregate routinely collected Hospital Episode Statistics Accident and Emergency (HES A&E) attendances data, specifically total numbers of A&E attendances in the Greater Manchester area from 2010 to latest available, by month and LSOA (lower super output areas). The University of Bristol is not requesting access or permission to process any personal identifying data. As such, the risk of re-identification is mitigated.
The evaluation of the CICA programme, of which this data request is part, has received funding from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), funding/protocol reference number: NIHR-PHR-15-129-03 commencing in March 2017 until February 2022. Further information on the CICA evaluation programme is also available on:
http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN81942890. The NIHR will not have influence on the outcomes nor suppress any of the findings of the research.
The primary goal of this project is to serve as a formal evaluation of the overall effectiveness and cost effectiveness of the CICA programme and understand the context and factors that enable or hinder the intervention. Research activities are organised into three independent and separate work packages (WP). This Agreement covers activities in WP2, to be conducted at the University of Bristol.
As mentioned above, WP2 is a quantitative evaluation study using statistical analyses of routinely collected non-personal unsuppressed aggregate data with no identifying information to assess the effectiveness of the CICA programme in helping reduce the following in the 10 communities in Greater Manchester:
1. Trends in total number of A&E attendances (data requested from NHS Digital)
2. Trends in total numbers of crimes in local area (data requested from Greater Manchester Police)
3. Trends in sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned to hospital admissions by Public Health England (PHE) (data requested from PHE)
4. Trends in total numbers of ambulance callouts (data requested from North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust)
The communities are small neighbourhoods made up of two to three LSOAs (circa 3,000 to 4,500 resident population).
In WP2 researchers will use routinely collected quantitative data to determine the effect on key health performance indicators listed above. Only A&E attendances data will be requested from NHS Digital. Additionally, in WP2, this study will examine trends in total monthly numbers of ambulance callouts, sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned by PHE to hospital admissions, and numbers of crimes. Alcohol related call outs for ambulance services will be requested from the North West Ambulance Service (NWAS) NHS Trust. Sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned by PHE to hospital admissions data will be requested from Public Health England as part of available project data and which the University of Bristol can obtain free of charge.
The Data requested from NHS Digital, Greater Manchester Police, NWAS and PHE will be non-personal tabulated data.
The data from Greater Manchester Police and NWAS will be analysed by CICA separately and independently of each other.
Sums of alcohol-attributable fractions for hospital admissions assigned by PHE will be combined with NHS Digital A&E tabulated data at the LSOA level. Additionally, publicly available mid-year population estimates data (total population and age composition) at the LSOA level from the Office of National Statistics (ONS) will be combined with NHS Digital A&E tabulated data. Data from GMP and NWAS will not be linked to NHS Digital A&E tabulated data. The data from WP2 will not be linked to any data collected in WP1 or WP3.
WP1 is a process evaluation that aims to examine the local policy context (neighbourhood factors that might affect intervention delivery and response), implementation of the intervention (the ‘amount’ of the intervention that is implemented, and whether it is delivered as planned) and reach (the numbers that receive the intervention and whether it reaches the target group); response to the intervention (e.g. levels of engagement, attitudes towards it, does the response of participants in turn change the way the in intervention is implemented). WP1 is conducted at the University of Salford.
WP3 is an economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the CICA programme, particularly balancing the cost of the alcohol health champions training and support infrastructure versus potential money saved through reductions in levels of hospital admissions, ambulance call outs, and crime rates. WP3 is conducted at the University of York.
The University of Bristol is conducting WP2. The three work packages of the CICA study are being conducted separately and independently. WP1 conducts the training of alcohol health champions, assessment of the effectiveness of conducting this training, and evaluation of alcohol health champions’ post-training. WP2 conducts statistical analyses of alcohol-related community outcomes (A&E attendances, ambulance callouts, alcohol-related hospital admissions, and crime). WP3 conducts an economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the CICA programme.
The study design and execution of each work package is independently conceived by the Principal Investigator (PI) of each work package. The University of Bristol PI has the statistical expertise to design, direct, and execute research activities in WP2 based on his previous work. Research design, direction, and execution in WP2 are not determined by WP1 or WP3. Publications using HES will be led by WP2. Furthermore, WP1 and WP3 will not have access to data in WP2.
The data subjects in this Agreement are people resident LSOAs within the Greater Manchester area who have attended A&E. The statistical analyses in this study will assess changes in trends in total numbers of A&E attendances in each LSOA within the Greater Manchester area. As such, this study does not examine individuals as in a cohort study. In terms of control groups, this study plans on creating “synthetic” control areas by combining and weighting two or three LSOAs in Greater Manchester area (for local comparison) and LSOAs in England outside of the Greater Manchester area (for national comparison) that are similar to each LSOA where the intervention took place in terms of demographics, socioeconomic status, and levels of A&E attendances, ambulance call-outs, crimes, and alcohol-related hospital admissions.
The purpose of the project is to formally evaluate the effectiveness of the CICA programme in reducing the numbers of A&E attendances in each LSOA in the Greater Manchester area using statistical analyses. Outside of this data request, the project will also evaluate the effectiveness of the CICA programme in reducing total monthly crimes, ambulance call-outs, and alcohol-related hospital admissions.
The HES A&E data will contribute to the aim identified above through using statistical analyses to evaluate whether the CICA programme is effective in helping reduce alcohol-related problems in Greater Manchester LSOAs.
The CICA intervention programme finished in May 2019 and this request is seeking data for one-year post intervention, ending in May 2020. The data requested are from January 2010 to latest available and then subsequent data until May 2020 (the University of Bristol does not require data on A&E diagnoses codes (including data on the alcohol flag) because previous studies have indicated that this variable could be unreliable or inconsistently coded. Instead, researchers use a time period where previous studies have indicated that the likelihood of involvement of alcohol is highest, which is Friday 3pm to Sunday 3pm. These parameters ensure that the data requested align with the main purpose of the study, which is to analyse trends in total monthly A&E attendances by LSOA and ensures that the time frame is the minimum amount of data required to conduct the planned statistical analyses.
The University of Bristol is requesting data by LSOA for all of England to meet their statistical analysis plan of conducting a national comparison of A&E attendances in other LSOAs in England. A rationale for doing this is that there may be an issue of “spillover” if comparisons are restricted only to LSOAs within Greater Manchester. “Spillover” here, as suggested by previous studies, refers to how trends in A&E attendance in areas near the LSOAs where the CICA intervention took place may change similarly to the intervention LSOAs due to geographic proximity and demographic similarities. A statistical comparison with other LSOAs in England that is not geographically close to the intervention LSOAs would avoid this “spillover” issue.
Because there may be small numbers, the University of Bristol requires that the level of data be unsuppressed aggregated data. This is because the University of Bristol need to do mathematical transformations that would not be possible on suppressed data. For example, for one set of statistical analyses, the plan is to create synthetic control areas by combining and weighting two or three LSOAs in Greater Manchester that are similar to each intervention LSOA in terms of demographics, socioeconomic status, levels of A&E attendances, ambulance callouts, crimes and alcohol-related hospital admissions. This would not be possible if data are suppressed to mask small numbers. The value of comparing two areas with similar levels of A&E attendances, where in one of the areas a CICA intervention took place and the other area the CICA intervention did not take place, is analogous to a case-control design. The area where CICA intervention was conducted would be the case and the control area would be one where CICA was not conducted. This would allow researchers to evaluate whether trends in A&E attendances after the intervention is similar in both places or not.
The University of Bristol is requesting monthly totals of data starting in 2010 up to one-year post-intervention in 2020 in order to establish enough data points for conducting statistical trends analyses.
The University of Bristol has determined there are no viable methodological alternatives to requesting A&E attendances data by LSOA. There are no less intrusive alternative ways to examine trends in A&E attendances in Greater Manchester as no individual's data or personal identifiable data have been requested.
Researchers are conducting two types of statistical testing that is analogous to a case-control design on changes in the trends in A&E attendances in LSOAs in Greater Manchester (local comparison) and with LSOAs in England (national comparison), whether changes in trends in A&E attendances in LSOAs where CICA was conducted are similar to the ways that trends in other LSOAs are changing over time.
There are several other organisations involved in the wider CICA project and mentioned in the protocol. University of Salford is the Lead organisation for WP1, and University of York is the lead organisation for WP3. These and the following organisations have not had any control over the manner in which or the purpose for how the data will be processed and will not have access to the data. The following organisations will only be acting in an advisory capacity:
Association of Greater Manchester, Wigan Borough Council, Greater Manchester Combined Authority Reform Research, Royal Society for Public Health, Public Health England, Forever Manchester, The LGBT Foundation and Fallowfield Community Guardians.
A Study Steering Committee (SSC) has been established and will meet every 6 months in years 1, 2, and 5 of the study starting with July 2017 with a final meeting in December 2021. Membership includes an independent chair, statistician, and health economist, along with other members with relevant expertise, such as in alcohol policy. The SSC will also have representation from the study team (the PI). The main role of the SSC will be to provide advice, through its Chair, to the funder (NIHR PHR), the Sponsor (host institution) and the PI on all appropriate aspects of the project; to monitor the progress of the project, the adherence to the protocol, and to consider any new information of relevance to the research question.
The University of Bristol uses a third-party provider, Virtus (Data Centres) Limited ('Virtus'), as a storage location. Virtus does not process the data and has no access to the data. Virtus will only store back-up data on behalf of the University of Bristol.
Expected output
“Results” of the data processing are planned to be included in project outputs such as reports, submissions to peer reviewed journals, presentations, and conferences specifically refer to results of the statistical analyses such as Odds Ratios, regression coefficients, standard errors, confidence intervals. p-values, descriptive statistics (percentages, standard deviations, total numbers). Expected outputs will not contain raw data received from NHS Digital. If total numbers are displayed in any outputs, small numbers of <7will be suppressed in line with the HES Analysis Guide. It is anticipated that all outputs described below that contain main results of the statistical analyses will be published in early 2022 , whereas target publication date for outputs that contain preliminary findings is 2021.
Specific outputs expected include:
1. A report that includes the results of statistical analyses will be submitted for publication in key journals such as BMJ, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, Public Health with open access (as required by NIHR funding conditions) and peer-review, as well as made available via NIHR PHR Journal (and associated websites).
2. Presentations, report briefs, and newsletters that include results of statistical analyses are planned through the following channels:
a. The Royal Society of Public Health (RSPH) will prepare newsletters to Health Champions/wider workforce and publicise findings in its journal Perspectives in Health and to the Membership of RSPH. The RSPH networks with cross-Government departments, the UK Public Health National Advisory Group, Department of Health and Health Education England.
b. University of Bristol PI (Work Package 2 Leader) as a member of the NIHR School for Public Health package on alcohol-related harms. The team are collaborating to develop new funding applications to the NIHR for further research into effective interventions at the community level.
c. Project Co-PI will make use of Local Government Association networks and the communications departments of the Association of Directors of Public Health.
d. Project Collaborator, through Greater Manchester Combined Authority Reform Research, will disseminate to the Office of the Police and Crime Commissioner, Public Protection Managers and Elected Members.
e. National conferences (e.g. Public Health England Conference) allow for direct dissemination of the results of statistical analyses to public health practitioners. Key conferences (Kettil Bruun Society-Social and Epidemiological Research on Alcohol: Annual Conference and the European Public Health Conference) will be used to promote the results of statistical analyses to an international audience. Due to Covid-19 direct dissemination of the results of statistical analyses to public health practitioners has been delayed however progress made at the PHE Annual Conferences 2018/2019 and also Health Services Research Conference 2020. Statistical analyses of time trend A&E attendances data have been conducted and submitted as an abstract to Kettil Bruun Society-Social and Epidemiological Research on Alcohol: Annual Conference. The abstract has been accepted for presentation. A paper that contains analyses of A&E attendances data and other datasets that have been used for this project have been drafted. The anticipated completion of the draft paper is planned at the end of April 2023. The conference presentation is scheduled for end of May 2023. At this conference, feedback will be provided on the draft paper for improvements.
3. Media outputs
a. The study results are planned to be disseminated through social media and Twitter, e.g. university, RSPH and Public Health Matters Websites, Facebook and LinkedIn Networks. The strong links between Salford University and MediaCityUK increase potential for media coverage and research team members are accustomed to appearing on regional and national television and liaising with the press. Press days will be organised to facilitate this.
Benefits reported
University of Bristol have produced open access peer-review journal articles in BMC Public Health (1); Perspectives in Public Health (2); Health & Place (3); International Journal of Drug Policy (4). Further papers are under review with Health & Social Care in the Community and BMC Public Health. Papers are being planned for the main outcomes analysis and health economics analysis.
The Royal Society of Public Health has started planning a further development of the CICA programme to be expanded and rolled out nationally in England.
To date newsletters have been prepared by the Royal Society of Public Health (RSPH) for Health Champions/wider workforce and findings have also been publicised with in its journal Perspectives in Health and to the Membership of RSPH. Results of statistical analyses have also been publicised throughout the RSPH networks with cross-Government departments, the UK Public Health National Advisory Group, Department of Health and Health Education England. https://www.rsph.org.uk/our-work/programmes-hub/communities-in-charge-of-alcohol.html
The University of Bristol are also currently working on drafting a journal article that contains the results of all three work packages and an intervention manual to give insight into the context of successful delivery.
DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W-v0.7 23 March 2020 to 22 March 2022
- Title
- Evaluation of alcohol health champions programme in Greater Manchester
- Commercial
- No
- Sublicensing
- No
- Datasets
- 1
- Files released
- 1
Datasets: Hospital Episode Statistics Accident and Emergency (HES A and E)
Objective for processing
Access to alcohol is a key determinant of alcohol harm. Recognising that excessive alcohol consumption harms an individual’s health and social relationships, harms society more generally - as urban areas can become less pleasant and less safe to visit and crime may increase - and the estimated £1.3bn per annum impact of alcohol harm to the Greater Manchester area, the Greater Manchester Combined Authority has funded the Communities in Charge of Alcohol (CICA) intervention programme in effort to reduce alcohol abuse.
The CICA intervention programme was rolled out in September 2017 in 10 communities across Greater Manchester that were identified as having high levels of alcohol harm. CICA takes an asset-based community development (ABCD) approach to reducing alcohol harm whereby local volunteers (or “assets”) are provided with accredited training to become “Alcohol Health Champions” or AHCs. AHCs can provide brief advice about alcohol to friends, family, and colleagues and are also part of a local team who can help influence decision-making around alcohol licensing. All AHCs who complete the training satisfactorily are awarded a level 2 Royal Society of Public Health (RSPH) qualification.
Details on GMCA’s alcohol strategy can be found on the following website:
https://www.gmcvo.org.uk/system/files/draft_drug_and_alcohol_strategy_for_listening_and_engagement_16th_jan_2018_0.pdf
Details on CICA can be found on the following website:
http://hub.salford.ac.uk/communities-in-charge-of-alcohol/alcohol-health-champions/
The goal of this study is to formally evaluate the effectiveness of the Communities in Charge of Alcohol (CICA) program. The CICA program is part of the newly devolved Greater Manchester Combined Authority's alcohol strategy to reduce alcohol misuse through training lay volunteers to become alcohol health champions (AHCs). AHCs will facilitate communities to tackle alcohol-related harm by influencing alcohol availability through local licensing processes.
The University of Bristol is requesting aggregate routinely-collected HES Accident and Emergency attendances data, specifically total numbers of A&E attendances in the Greater Manchester area from 2010 to latest available, by month and LSOA (lower super output areas). The University of Bristol is not requesting access or permission to process any personal identifying data. As such, the risk of re-identification is mitigated.
The evaluation of the CICA programme, of which this data request is part, has received funding from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), funding/protocol reference number: NIHR-PHR-15-129-03 commencing in March 2017 until February 2022. Further information on the CICA evaluation programme is also available on:
http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN81942890. The NIHR will not have influence on the outcomes nor suppress any of the findings of the research.
The primary goal of this project is to serve as a formal evaluation of the overall effectiveness and cost effectiveness of the CICA programme and understand the context and factors that enable or hinder the intervention. Research activities are organised into three independent and separate work packages (WP). This Agreement covers activities in WP2, to be conducted at the University of Bristol.
As mentioned above, WP2 is a quantitative evaluation study using statistical analyses of routinely-collected non-personal unsuppressed aggregate data with no identifying information to assess the effectiveness of the CICA programme in helping reduce the following in the 10 communities in Greater Manchester:
1. Trends in total number of A&E attendances (data requested from NHS Digital)
2. Trends in total numbers of crimes in local area (data requested from Greater Manchester Police)
3. Trends in sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned to hospital admissions by PHE (data requested from PHE)
4. Trends in total numbers of ambulance call-outs (data requested from North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust)
The communities are small neighbourhoods made up of two to three LSOAs (circa 3,000 to 4,500 resident population).
In WP2 researchers will use routinely collected quantitative data to determine the effect on key health performance indicators listed above. Only A&E attendances data will be requested from NHS Digital. Additionally in WP2, this study will examine trends in total monthly numbers of ambulance call-outs, sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned by PHE to hospital admissions, and numbers of crimes. Alcohol related call outs for ambulance services will be requested from the North West Ambulance Service (NWAS) NHS Trust. Sums of alcohol-attributable fractions assigned by PHE to hospital admissions data will be requested from Public Health England as part of available project data and which the University of Bristol can obtain free of charge.
The Data requested from NHS Digital, Greater Manchester Police, NWAS and PHE will be non personal tabulated data.
The data from Greater Manchester Police and NWAS will be analysed by CICA separately and independently of each other.
Sums of alcohol-attributable fractions for hospital admissions assigned by PHE will be combined with NHS Digital A&E tabulated data at the LSOA level. Additionally, publicly available mid-year population estimates data (total population and age composition) at the LSOA level from the Office of National Statistics (ONS) will be combined with NHS Digital A&E tabulated data. Data from GMP and NWAS will not be linked to NHS Digital A&E tabulated data. The data from WP2 will not be linked to any data collected in WP1 or WP3.
WP1 is a process evaluation that aims to examine the local policy context (neighbourhood factors that might affect intervention delivery and response), implementation of the intervention (the ‘amount’ of the intervention that is implemented, and whether it is delivered as planned) and reach (the numbers that receive the intervention and whether it reaches the target group); response to the intervention (e.g. levels of engagement, attitudes towards it, does the response of participants in turn change the way the in intervention is implemented). WP1 is conducted at the University of Salford.
WP3 is an economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the CICA programme, particularly balancing the cost of the alcohol health champions training and support infrastructure versus potential money saved through reductions in levels of hospital admissions, ambulance call outs, and crime rates. WP3 is conducted at the University of York.
The University of Bristol is conducting WP2. The three work packages of the CICA study are being conducted separately and independently. WP1 conducts the training of alcohol health champions, assessment of the effectiveness of conducting this training, and evaluation of alcohol health champions’ post-training. WP2 conducts statistical analyses of alcohol-related community outcomes (A&E attendances, ambulance call-outs, alcohol-related hospital admissions, and crime). WP3 conducts an economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the CICA programme.
The study design and execution of each work package is independently conceived by the Principle Investigator of each work package. The University of Bristol PI has the statistical expertise to design, direct, and execute research activities in WP2 based on his previous work. Research design, direction, and execution in WP2 are not determined by WP1 or WP3. Publications using HES will be led by WP2. Furthermore, WP1 and WP3 will not have access to data in WP2.
The data subjects in this Agreement are people resident LSOAs within the Greater Manchester area who have attended A&E. The statistical analyses in this study will assess changes in trends in total numbers of A&E attendances in each LSOA within the Greater Manchester area. As such, this study does not examine individuals as in a cohort study. In terms of control groups, this study plans on creating “synthetic” control areas by combining and weighting two or three LSOAs in Greater Manchester area (for local comparison) and LSOAs in England outside of the Greater Manchester area (for national comparison) that are similar to each LSOA where the intervention took place in terms of demographics, socioeconomic status, and levels of A&E attendances, ambulance call-outs, crimes, and alcohol-related hospital admissions.
The purpose of the project is to formally evaluate the effectiveness of the CICA programme in reducing the numbers of A&E attendances in each LSOA in the Greater Manchester area using statistical analyses. Outside of this data request, the project will also evaluate the effectiveness of the CICA programme in reducing total monthly crimes, ambulance call-outs, and alcohol-related hospital admissions.
The HES A&E data will contribute to the aim identified above through using statistical analyses to evaluate whether the CICA programme is effective in helping reduce alcohol-related problems in Greater Manchester LSOAs.
The CICA intervention programme finished in May 2019 and this request is seeking data for one-year post intervention, ending in May 2020. The data requested are from January 2010 to latest available and then subsequent data until May 2020 (the University of Bristol does not require data on A&E diagnoses codes (including data on the alcohol flag) because previous studies have indicated that this variable could be unreliable or inconsistently coded. Instead, researchers use a time period where previous studies have indicated that the likelihood of involvement of alcohol is highest, which is Friday 3pm to Sunday 3pm. These parameters ensure that the data requested align with the main purpose of the study, which is to analyse trends in total monthly A&E attendances by LSOA, and ensures that the time frame is the minimum amount of data required to conduct the planned statistical analyses.
The University of Bristol is requesting data by LSOA for all of England to meet their statistical analysis plan of conducting a national comparison of A&E attendances in other LSOAs in England. A rationale for doing this is that there may be an issue of “spillover” if comparisons are restricted only to LSOAs within Greater Manchester. “Spillover” here, as suggested by previous studies, refers to how trends in A&E attendance in areas near the LSOAs where the CICA intervention took place may change similarly to the intervention LSOAs due to geographic proximity and demographic similarities. A statistical comparison with other LSOAs in England that is not geographically close to the intervention LSOAs would avoid this “spillover” issue.
Because there may be small numbers, the University of Bristol requires that the level of data be unsuppressed aggregated data. This is because the University of Bristol need to do mathematical transformations that would not be possible on suppressed data. For example, for one set of statistical analyses, the plan is to create synthetic control areas by combining and weighting two or three LSOAs in Greater Manchester that are similar to each intervention LSOA in terms of demographics, socioeconomic status, levels of A&E attendances, ambulance call-outs, crimes and alcohol-related hospital admissions. This would not be possible if data are suppressed to mask small numbers. The value of comparing two areas with similar levels of A&E attendances, where in one of the areas a CICA intervention took place and the other area the CICA intervention did not take place, is analogous to a case-control design. The area where CICA intervention was conducted would be the case and the control area would be one where CICA was not conducted. This would allow researchers to evaluate whether trends in A&E attendances after the intervention is similar in both places or not.
The University of Bristol is requesting monthly totals of data starting in 2010 up to one-year post-intervention in 2020 in order to establish enough data points for conducting statistical trends analyses.
The University of Bristol has determined there are no viable methodological alternatives to requesting A&E attendances data by LSOA. There are no less intrusive alternative ways to examine trends in A&E attendances in Greater Manchester as no individual's data or personal identifiable data have been requested.
Researchers are conducting two types of statistical testing that is analogous to a case-control design on changes in the trends in A&E attendances in LSOAs in Greater Manchester (local comparison) and with LSOAs in England (national comparison), whether changes in trends in A&E attendances in LSOAs where CICA was conducted are similar to the ways that trends in other LSOAs are changing over time.
There are several other organisations involved in the wider CICA project and mentioned in the protocol. University of Salford is the Lead organisation forWP1 and University of York is the lead organisation for WP3. These and the following organisations have not had any control over the manner in which or the purpose for how the data will be processed and will not have access to the data. The following organisations will only be acting in an advisory capacity:
Association of Greater Manchester, Wigan Borough Council, Greater Manchester Combined Authority Reform Research, Royal Society for Public Health, Public Health England, Forever Manchester, The LGBT Foundation and Fallowfield Community Guardians.
A Study Steering Committee has been established and will meet every 6 months in years 1, 2, and 5 of the study starting with July 2017 with a final meeting in December 2021. Membership includes an independent chair, statistician and health economist, along with other members with relevant expertise, such as in alcohol policy. The SSC will also have representation from the study team (the PI). The main role of the SSC will be to provide advice, through its Chair, to the funder (NIHR PHR), the Sponsor (host institution) and the PI on all appropriate aspects of the project; to monitor the progress of the project, the adherence to the protocol, and to consider any new information of relevance to the research question.
The University of Bristol uses a third-party provider, Virtus (Data Centres) Limited ('Virtus'), as a storage location. Virtus does not process the data and has no access to the data. Virtus will only store back-up data on behalf of the University of Bristol.
Expected output
“Results” of the data processing are planned to be included in project outputs such as reports, submissions to peer reviewed journals, presentations, and conferences specifically refer to results of the statistical analyses such as Odds Ratios, regression coefficients, standard errors, confidence intervals. p-values, descriptive statistics (percentages, standard deviations, total numbers). Expected outputs will not contain raw data received from NHS Digital. If total numbers are displayed in any outputs, small numbers of <7will be suppressed in line with the HES Analysis Guide. It is anticipated that all outputs described below that contain main results of the statistical analyses will be published in early 2022, whereas target publication date for outputs that contain preliminary findings is 2021.
Specific outputs expected include:
1. A report that includes the results of statistical analyses will be submitted for publication in key journals such as BMJ, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, Public Health with open access (as required by NIHR funding conditions) and peer-review, as well as made available via NIHR PHR Journal (and associated websites).
2. Presentations, report briefs, and newsletters that include results of statistical analyses are planned through the following channels:
a. The Royal Society of Public Health (RSPH) will prepare newsletters to Health Champions/wider workforce and publicise findings in its journal Perspectives in Health and to the Membership of RSPH. The RSPH networks with cross-Government departments, the UK Public Health National Advisory Group, Department of Health and Health Education England.
b. University of Bristol PI (Work Package 2 Leader) as a member of the NIHR School for Public Health package on alcohol-related harms.
c. Project Co-PI will make use of Local Government Association networks and the communications departments of the Association of Directors of Public Health.
d. Project Collaborator, through Greater Manchester Combined Authority Reform Research, will disseminate to the Office of the Police and Crime Commissioner, Public Protection Managers and Elected Members.
e. National conferences (e.g. Public Health England Conference) allow for direct dissemination of the results of statistical analyses to public health practitioners. Key conferences (Kettil Bruun Society-Social and Epidemiological Research on Alcohol: Annual Conference and the European Public Health Conference) will be used to promote the results of statistical analyses to an international audience.
3. Media outputs
a. The study results are planned to be disseminated through social media and Twitter, e.g. university, RSPH and Public Health Matters Websites, Facebook and Linkedin Networks. The strong links between Salford University and MediaCityUK increase potential for media coverage and research team members are accustomed to appearing on regional and national television and liaising with the press. Press days will be organised to facilitate this.
Benefits reported
Yielded Benefits is not a requirement for new applications.
Register history
When this agreement appeared in, or was edited in, each monthly edition of the register. Built by comparing every edition this site holds, the earliest of which is July 2021.
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July 2021 —
already listed in the earliest edition this site holds, so it may be older. 1 version: DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W-v0.7
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July 2022
1 version added: DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W-v1.4
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December 2022
Register-wide edit DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W-v0.7 — Datasets: legal basis: “
s261(1) and” taken out. Made to 639 agreements in this edition, so it is reported once, on the changes page, and not counted as an amendment of this agreement. -
August 2023
1 version added: DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W-v2.3
Cite this page
NHS England (2026) Data Uses Register, September 2026 edition, agreement DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W, “Evaluation of alcohol health champions programme in Greater Manchester”. Read via NHS Data Access Explorer (unofficial), https://healthdatauses.uk/agreements/dars-nic-268750-b3t4w/ (accessed [date]).
This address stays the same, but the page is rebuilt with each monthly edition, so the citation names the edition it shows. Every edition's data is kept in the facts store.
Source: datausesregister_september2026.xlsx, September 2026 edition of the NHS England Data Uses Register. Search that workbook for DARS-NIC-268750-B3T4W to see the original rows.